The above map is my best guess, estimation, approximation, deduction, and inference about the location of each of the major points of interest on the island. To understand why each location was so placed, one simply needs to read the clues compiled below. Obviously, as new information presents itself, the map will be changed and updated to reflect said information. Each location is placed with variable confidence and accuracy. Again, reading the clues below should help to clarify those variances.
A full (high-res) view of Rousseau's map was seen at comic-con 2009. It shows almost everything very clearly. According to the scale the island is 60 km (40 mi) north to south, and about 45 km (30 mi) east to west.
Having trouble reading Rousseau's handwriting? A map with the transcriptions can be seen here. The vast majority of the transcription is totally confident at this point, with the following exceptions:
LE LIEU DU TRANSMETTEUR (TREK DANGEREUX POUR APPROCHER LE FUMEE) - TREK, could be TRES (Very), and only the first 2 letters "TR" are assured. The final word is extremely unsure. I chose the transcription of "FUMEE" based on some of the screencaps (below), which seem to show that the first four letters are "FUME", and based on context. However, on the image which is most universally clear (the new full view of the map from comic-con), the final word looks more like "AUMET", though this has no meaning in French, and I could find no other comparable word that fit contextually (e.g. "FUMET" - aroma).
L'ATOLL - The word looks more like "L'ATOLE", although "ATOLE" does not make sense contextually (it is a Latin-American corn-based beverage).
It is also important to note that some of the translations could be made slightly differently. These are:
"The extremely dangerous rivers (the strange light and sounds)" could also be translated "The extremely dangerous rivers (the light and strange sounds)".
"The most dangerous place (the strange phenomena)". Phenomene (plur. Phenomenes), which most literally translates as "phenomenon", can have multiple meanings:
An occurance that can be observed
Something extraordinary
An exceptional person
Furthermore, it can also be translated from French as:
It should be noted that there are a few missing elements that have been seen in screencaps.
A portion of the northmost part of the map (as seen in the northeast screencap below).
A portion of the southmost part of the map
An island (as seen in the southeast screencap below)
The map appears to include geographical information
Elevations (20m, 1837m, 2257m)
Ocean depths
Lines of longitude and latitude (although their associated degrees do not appear to be correct, or if they are correct, do not appear to adhere to the current system in use).
One notation near the compass appears to read "Varφ39ºE", which, according to the Lostpedia blog means that magnetic north is deviating 39ºE of true north (i.e. a compass would indicate that north was 39º clockwise from the actual direction).
The above represents my best guess as to how each of the maps aligns to the others. The mountains are highlighted to show where the overlap occurs, but note that many other geographical features line up as well. For example, coastlines, major bays, streams, etc... While I was stumped for a long time by the fact that the maps didn't all line up as precisely as Horace's Cabin Map and Ben's Radio Tower Map, I no longer feel concern about that. Consider: Sayid emphatically told Jack that Rousseau's map was "hardly in scale", and Daniel's map has "unknown" written all over the place. ("Special") This indicates that most of the maps are drawn to emphasize landmarks, as opposed to scale. The only two maps I believe were drawn in a way that accurately represents the scale of the island are Horace's Cabin Map and Ben's Radio Tower Map. This, of course, challenges us; for example, it is difficult to know whether Rousseau's map was exaggerating the northwestern bay, or if Daniel's map is de-emphasizing it, but they both show enough similarity (west-extending peninsula to the north, similar coast to the south, similar range of mountains along the coast) that we can, with at least some confidence, infer that they are representing the same area.
Even though the scale is quite different, Rousseau's full map and the Radio Tower Map have coastal features that are analogous. In the image above analogous portions of coastline from each are drawn in correlating colorations.
Ben pointing towards main island from Hydra Island. He says "There's a small dock about a half mile due south across the water. It leads directly to a town where I used to live." This seems to contradict earlier statements that Hydra Island is "a couple miles offshore", although, Ben could be indicating that that once you are across to the main island that the dock is a half mile south along the coast. ("I Do") ("Not in Portland") ("Namaste") The horizon, which seems to meet up with one of the further mountain ranges, should be approximately 3 miles away. See Wikipedia:Horizon for information about why this estimation can be made.
Main island, shown from a beach at Hydra. Actual location, somewhere on or near Ahu'olaka Island, facing NNW towards Chinaman's Hat (Honolulu). Approximately, 3.3 miles. (Not In Portland)
Southwest(?) view of main island from Hydra (Namaste)
Full panorama of island as seen by Sawyer, spliced together. ("Every Man for Himself") In examining the images of the main island from Hydra Island, one of the major consistencies (among many inconsistencies) is an island extending from the left-most extension of the mountains. The only way I can reconcile this, would be to move the island shown in the extreme south (and moderately east) to the location the arrow extending from it indicates. Then the island shown next to the mountains would the the same island labeled "ALEX".
Runway on Hydra Island, apparently on north, east, or northeast side of island. (Namaste)
Something at the tip of the arrow on the map that has somehow been partially erased or obscured.
Sharpened & Enhanced
Spot Enhanced
Original
Various images of the northern portion of Rousseau's map, showing and arrow pointing to an object (Hydra Island?)("Special")
The Hydra Island is .5-2 miles offshore, proximate to the Barracks.
SAWYER: [Sigh] We ain't on our island. We're on another island, like Alcatraz, couple miles off shore. ("I Do")
JULIET: We're on a smaller island two miles offshore. ("Not in Portland")
BEN: There's a small dock about a half mile due south across the water. It leads directly to a town where I used to live. There's a small dock about a half mile due south across the water. It leads directly to a town where I used to live. ("Namaste")
Kate and Sawyer left Hydra island on day 73, and arrived back at the beach camp on day 76, implying that Hydra Island is approximately 3 days away from the beach camp.
The sub dock at the Barracks is clockwise from the point of the island most proximate to Hydra Island.
When the sub leaves the island in "The Incident, Part 1" the area directly in front of the sub, and starboard from the sub can be clearly seen. Hydra island is not visible. Since Hydra Island is proximate to the Barracks, it would be within sight and so much be in the area located on the port sid of the sub (which is not seen).
Hydra Island may have a known size.
BEN: Right now you're standing on a small island roughly twice the size of Alcatraz. ("Every Man for Himself")
Alcatraz is approximately 530m long and 200m wide, and while it implies nothing about the shape of the Hydra Island, an island approximately twice the size of Alcatraz could have dimensions such as 500m x 500m or 1km x .5km.
There is ample reason to doubt this size approximation of the island. For example, the minimum landing runway length requirement for the 737 with the shortest requirement is about 1.5km (some 737s require more than 2km). [2]. While the landing strip on Hydra Island may have been shorter than the required length (e.g. 1km), it also appeared to be only a small portion of the overall length of Hydra Island (as it was shown in the in screencaps).
Top left, and otherwise unseen, side of Ben's Temple Map, showing the tip of a peninsula. (Contextual view, left, Sharpened, middle, Spot enhanced, right)("Meet Kevin Johnson")
Previously seen portion of the Temple Map, left, with additional land shown in the above clips, right. ("Meet Kevin Johnson")
BEN: If you leave now, you can get there [to the Temple] in a day and a half.("Meet Kevin Johnson")
At average hiking speeds of 2-2.5mph, that would be 70-90 miles (36 hours) or 60-70 miles (28 hours).
The way to the Temple, is on the way from the Barracks to the camp, since Danielle, Alex, and Karl’s bodies are on Sawyer, Kate, and Miles’ way back to the camp.
The barracks are on a northern portion of the island from the survivors. (Northern half?)
LOCKE [to Sawyer]: When you came across the island what side was the ocean on? [Sawyer looks around and points] You came from the East, Michael's heading North. ("The Hunting Party")
TOM: We've got a misunderstanding, Jack -- your people, my people. So listen carefully. Right here there's a line. You cross that line, we go from misunderstanding to something else. Now give me your weapons, turn around, go home. ((crossref|2x11}}
The Barracks are a little south/southwest of the Flame. (Based on the DHARMA cabling map)
The Barracks are South of the cockpit.
SAWYER: Why are you going East? Thought you said the Barracks were due South. (Right after they left the cockpit)("Confirmed Dead")
It's not particularly far from the coast adjacent to Hydra Island.
BEN: There's a small dock about a half mile due south across the water. It leads directly to a town where I used to live. There's a small dock about a half mile due south across the water. It leads directly to a town where I used to live. ("Namaste")
It is within 1 hour of the coastline where the tail section people crashed.
BEN: You run and you can make that shore line in an hour. ("A Tale of Two Cities")
It is unclear whether Ben means he can reach the tail section, or simply the coast, however, Ana Lucia mentions in another episode that Goodwin made it there "10 minutes" after the crash, though she was likely giving an estimate simply emphasizing that he was there quickly. Together, these mean that Ben was probably refering to the actual crash site, and not a site closer to the Barracks. ("The Other 48 Days")
That would be 8.5 miles for a strong long distance runner (based on strong half marathon running time).
The Barracks are nestled among mountains.
STEPHEN WILLIAMS: Looks like any kind of mainland neighborhood except it's actually, like, nestled in a valley surrounded by mountains on this, you know, mystical island. (The World of the Others)
After Ben and Alex have already been hiking from Pascal Flats towards the survivors, he says that if they go north they should be able to reach the survivors before they reach the tower. While common opinion is that Ben is indicating the direction from Pascal Flats to the Radio Tower is north, it is also possible that Ben was describing a change in direction from his position. For example, he may have been heading west, but indicating that he and Alex needed to head more northward in order to cut off the survivors' northward trek. ("Through the Looking Glass, Part 1")
Bottom portion of Ben's Radio Tower Map, showing the mountian range within which the barracks are located. Also shows a portion of bottom right of map; it appears to show only open land, although it is not clear. ("Through the Looking Glass, Part 1")
Cinematic error or clue? Survivors leave beach heading counter-clockwise, but are next seen walking clockwise. Then they head inland, up a valley through which they can still see the camp. ("Through the Looking Glass, Part 1")
Kate's map shows the camp is in an inside-corner on the island, that is predominantly on a southern shore, although perhaps with its western side extending partly south. ("Ji Yeon")
Helicopter heads straight towards the beach, then drops the sat phone. The sat phone then indicates that the helicopter is due north of the camp. ("Cabin Fever") ("There's No Place Like Home, Part 1")
There is a lava-based peninsula on the island in a counter-clockwise direction from the camp.
EKO: The beach goes into a peninsula ahead. It may not be passable.
The beach camp must be on the Southern or Western side of the island.
LOCKE [to Sawyer]: When you came across the island what side was the ocean on? [Sawyer looks around and points] You came from the East, Michael's heading North.
The western side of the beach is a little further south than the rest of the beach.
JACK: Everyone's gathering down at the South end of the beach. No-one's staying behind but the shooters. (This is the western side, based on visual ID) ("Greatest Hits") ("Through the Looking Glass, Part 1")
The beach camp must have at least some southern coastline below it.
LOCKE: If you head that way, you'll hit the coast, and all you have to do is take it north until you reach our beach. (Direction from the mass grave) ("Cabin Fever")
A clear view of Daniel's map. It is reasonable to assume that Daniel's map has a traditional northward orientation, because each of the notes on his map gives directions that are congruent with that orientation.
Daniel's map from behind (and the source image), showing the geography above the previously seen range.
A composite map utilizing multiple views. It isn't pretty, but it's data.
Left, DHARMA cabling map shows the Flame is northeast of the Barracks, Right, Cabling Map with visible scale superimposed on to various parts of the map, shows that the Flame is approximately 5 miles from the Barracks.
Investigation of the sonar fence border around the Barracks in in the DHARMA cable map, and the Radio Tower Map, show that the fence is identifiably asymmetrical. The aligned maps show the "divit" facing southwest, while the DHARMA cabling map shows the "divit" facing northeast.
The caves are less than 1 mile from the beach camp.
JACK: No. Kate, I'm -- I just don't understand why you won't come with me. Us. It's maybe a mile up there, if that. (distance between the beach camp and caves) ("The Moth")
JACK: You said these people were two days across the island. ("The Hunting Party")
Average hiking speed of 2-2.5mph [3][4] would give a 48 hour distance of 100-120 miles (assuming he was refering to straight hiking time), or a 32 hour distance of 60-80 miles (assuming he included time to sleep)
The arrow is on the east side of the island.
LOCKE [to Sawyer]: When you came across the island what side was the ocean on? [Sawyer looks around and points] You came from the East... ("The Hunting Party")
SAYID: Jack knows we're out here. He's counting on our signal. Perhaps he's not able to see the smoke. If he's North of us, the mountains would block his view. ("The Glass Ballerina")
The Official Episode Recap states that, "Sayid is concerned they can't see their signal fire and wants to sail around the mountains and light another fire."
To get to the fake beach camp, Sayid, Sun, and Jin sail clockwise from the beach camp.
Sayid makes a mark onto Rousseau's map that may indicate the location of the fake beach camp.
Michael left the Swan station on day 52, and after hiking day and night arrived at the fake beach camp on day 54.
Michael says he has been marched day and night, and 48 hours of hiking at 2-2.5mph would set the distance at 100 to 120 miles away.
The fake beach camp can't be on the true "north shore" if there are mountains to the north of it, nor if it is in the spot Sayid marked on his map (though this location is not confirmed to be the fake camp).
The Looking Glass is around 8 hours (plus or minus a couple hours)from the beach camp.
CHARLIE: Its an eight hour walk, one way! (distance between beach camp and Naomi, who was found inland from the Looking Glass Cable). ("D.O.C.")
Average hiking speed of 2-2.5 mph, would indicate that they are 16 to 20 miles from the beach.
The Looking Glass is counterclockwise from the beach. (Based on Sayid's counterclockwise hike there, and Desmond and Charley's boat trip there) ("House of the Rising Sun") ("Greatest Hits")
A very fit group of people could make it from Pascal Flats to the beach camp in less than 1 day.
BEN: If you leave right now, how long will it take you to reach their camp? RYAN: Well, if I take my ten best, we could set up to hit 'em by nightfall. ("Greatest Hits")
By outrigger Karl can get there "a few hours before them"
Pascal Flats is not particularly far from a coastline. (Since Alex gets to Karl quickly, and Karl is very proximate to the coastline)
It is counterclockwise from the beach camp. (Based on visual ID of both the direction Karl began rowing, and the direction from which he arrived at the beach camp)
Images in "The Incident, Part 1" consistently show that the sun is coming from the direction behind the statue (and therefore opposite the coast on which the statue is located). It is also indicated to be morning. As such, the sun should be in the east, and so the statue should be on the west coast.
The Orchid is near the coast where the 4-toed statue is seen. ("LaFleur")
There is land at least 2 miles east of the Orchid, implying that it is not on an eastern coast. (Note, it could be on a north- or south-facing coast along the east side of the island)
It is quite far from the Mesa, such that it is more reasonable to go to the beach camp and take a boat to the Orchid.
LOCKE: We have to go back to the Orchid... SAWYER: That greenhouse is a long ways away. LOCKE: You said you had a Zodiac raft back at the beach. We could take that, cut around the horn of the Island, be at the Orchid in half the time. ("The Little Prince")
It's a couple of hours from the beach camp by canoe.
LOCKE: It's around that point. Not more than a couple hours. ("The Little Prince")
2 hours at average canoe speed of 2.5mph [5] estimates a coastal distance of 5 miles.
The statue is "around the point of the island".
According to LOST Timeline on abc.com, Sayid, Jin, and Sun, see the statue as they sail the boat “around the point of the island.”
The Official Episode Recap says that they are traveling "around the point of the island."
The 4-toed statue & The Orchid are counter-clockwise in their relation to the main beach camp. (See note below for conflict with this assertion)
After having passed the location of the 4-toed foot, Sayid points north. The coast is on the port side. This indicates that Sayid, Jin, and Sun's travel was counterclockwise.("The Glass Ballerina")
To get to the Orchid, the survivors take a canoe counter-clockwise from the main beach camp. ("The Little Prince")
In "The Incident, Part 1" Locke and the Others walk counter-clockwise to go from the survivors beach camp to the four-toed foot.
In the first episode where the 4 toed-foot was seen ("Live Together, Die Alone, Part 1"), Sayid, Sun, and Jin seem to be traveling clockwise from the beachcamp. This would indicate one of three things:
There was a pruduction error.
The 4-toed statue is different from the giant statue (which conflicts with canon information in an official podcast and from "The Incident, Part 1")
Jin's trip around the island in the boat is counter-clockwise, but the clips shown of the boat were from moments where the boat was tracking in an apparent clockwise direction, as might be required if they were sailing against the wind.
The Swan is about .5 miles from the caves (therefore .5-1.5 miles to the beach camp).
Citation forthecoming
The Swan is within 108 minutes round-trip to a lava-based coastline (13 mile max (at half marathon speeds), but more likely something close to 5 miles, faster than average hike, but slower than a run) ("Live Together, Die Alone, Part 1")
LOCKE: We found one of the smugglers about a half a click West of here [The Beechcraft] dressed as a priest. ("The Greater Good")
To get there the first time Locke and Boone leave the beach camp at the crack of dawn, and returns while there's light, but early enough that the people have their fires going.("Deus Ex Machina")
Absolutely fantastic work from blogger "Quasark", showing how Horace's Cabin Map matches perfectly with Ben's Radio Tower Map. Quasark's blog can be found here [6]
Image showing comparable geological and orientational features on both the radio map and the cabin map.
A. Two very proximate ranges next to Pascal Flats.
B. One rather wide range.
C. Two very proximate ranges.
D. A wider space between the ridges, and the location of The Barracks.
E. Two somewhat proximate ranges.
F. The Pearl
G. Prominent outcrop, east of distinctive bay.
H. Prominent outcrop, north of distinctive bay.
I. Prominent outcrop & location of river.
J. South-extending range.
K. East-extending range.
L. North extending range.
M. Horace's cabin.
Used one of Quasark's templates, reoriented it to north, added color to water, and combined items shown on both maps.
As shown in the section on the Flame, I superimposed a scale across the Barracks' border. I also warped the spliced radio map flat by changing its proportions until the Barracks on the radio map matched the proportions of the barracks on the Flame map that was already flat. Having done so, I cut and pasted the Barracks with scale from the Flame map and superimposed it onto the flattened radio map. Once the pasted barracks was properly rotated and scaled to match the Barracks on the radio map, I could elucidate distances on the newly modified radio map. To ensure greatest accuracy I calculated the distances using the (x,y) coordinates of pixels associated with locations. The distance between any two points was calculated using the Pythagorean theorem, whereby . First, I calculated the distance on the scale, which represented five miles. Point A on the scale, which represented 0 miles, was at coordinates (395,2301). Point B on the scale, which represented 5 miles, was at coordinates (669,2273). Distance, then, was 275 pixels; 5 miles = 275 pixels, and 1 mile = 55 pixels. The following table summarizes the other distances calculated in the same manner.
Point A
(x,y)
Point B
(x,y)
Dst (px)
Dst (mi)
Dst (km)
Beach Camp
(468,925)
Pearl Station
(563,1823)
903
3.3
5.3
Beach Camp
(468,925)
Barracks
(540,2271)
1350
4.9
7.9
Beach Camp
(468,925)
Radio Tower
(1401,2284)
1650
6.0
9.6
Pearl Station
(563,1823)
Barracks
(540,2271)
449
1.6
2.6
Pearl Station
(563,1823)
Radio Tower
(1401,2284)
956
3.5
5.6
Barracks
(540,2271)
Radio Tower
(1401,2284)
861
3.1
5.0
Beach Camp, center of "x"; Pearl Station, center of logo; Radio Tower, point on center pole, at a height in between the bases of the 2 outer poles; Barracks, a central point visually estimated from multiple radii that I temporarily added to the image.
COMMENTS: Despite both the radio map and the cabling map appearing to be accurate and to scale, the distances from aligning them do not seem accurate. For example, the Barracks is calculated to be 4.9 miles from the beach camp, and even a moderate hiking pace of 2 mph would get a person from one to the other in less than 2.5 hours, which is not corroborated by other elements of the show that indicate a longer time between the two points, for example, Kate's description that The Barracks are a day and a half from the beach camp. ("Ji Yeon") My best explanation is that the border of the barracks was exaggerated on the radio tower map, but is still in that approximate location. While this renders the mile calclulation moot, the ratios between distances should still be approximately accurate. For example, the distance from the beach camp to the pearl should still be 55% the distance from the beach camp to the radio tower. However, even this seems to contradict other elements of the show. For example, it takes the survivors less than 1 full day to reach the radio tower from the beach camp, but closer to a day and a half to get to the Barracks. The map, which should be scaled at this point, implies that a trip from the Beach to the Barracks is only 82% the distance of a trip from the Beach to the Radio Tower. This, conflicts with the estimated distances on the above map, especially given that there appear to be no particular geographical obstacles that would make reaching one particlularly more difficult than reaching the other.
Rousseau's map shows a line added on the compass rose that could indicate true north's deviation from magnetic north. The deviation appears to correspond to the devation from true north Sayid observed on his compass. True north on the compass appears to be at approximately 320-325 degrees of magnetic north. If there is a correlation between the compass rose and magnetic vs. true north, then the "N" on the compass rose indicates true north, and the line drawn through it would indicate magnetic north.
The instrument panel during Ajira Airway's crash. I believe that the bottom left gauge is the heading indicator, but it does not change during the crash, which makes me skeptical that it could be used to elucidate much, even if I was sure how to read it. An observation of screen caps from the entire scene seems to show only 1 or 2 gauges changing, most obviously, the altimeter. ("Namaste")
Spliced image showing full panorama of mountains located clockwise from the sub dock. ("Dead Is Dead") Real background (not CGI), showing inland mountain range (even though it appears superficially to be peninular). Actual geography has the dock on the north side of an eastern bay, with this image filmed facing southwest (inland).
Sawyer indicates the side the ocean was on when he was hiking back to the Beach camp with the tailies. There are two ways to interpret this image. Sawyer is either pointing East, or he is indicating that the ocean was on his left side. Either gives us clues. Obviously, if he is pointing East we can elucidate all the directions. Otherwise, we can tell that the Beach Camp must be located on a southern or western coast, since otherwise, the ocean being on the left would not indicate that they had come from the East. If the latter is true, then the fact that they continue in the direction Sawyer is facing, is North, based on Locke's comment that Michael is heading North.
Key geographic filming locations on Oahu, verified, though approximate as required by the resolution of of the satellite image (captured from NASA World Wind). View at full resolution to read the notations.
From the helicopter (due north of the camp), Miles is found on a lava coast due east.
From the helicopter (due north of the camp), Charlotte is 3km north along a body of water.
Sayid unknowingly sitting at the Looking Glass cable, having just walked this coastline, revealing a large outcrop on land in the distant background. The satellite image shows the geography from the actual filming location to the outcrop of land seen on the north shore of honolulu, at Mokuleia Beach, facing ENE. The most distant visible point is approximately 15 miles away.
better image forthcoming Rousseau's camp seems to be in a geographically similar spot to the Looking Glass Cord (compare background mountains), and could likely be in this spot based on the location of her underground camp seen in "Solitary". Many locations are reused in lost however, and just because the mountains are the same does not necessarily mean that the locations are intended to be the same on the show.
The land extends oceanward on the counter-clockwise portion of the beach at Rousseau's first camp.
The Sailboat, the Elizabeth, is a Swan 57, most of which have cruising speeds between 7 and 8 knots, with maximum speeds around 10 knots. (1 knot = 1 nautical mile per hour ~ 1.15077945 miles per hour)
This page is a record of the hieroglyphs & other symbols associated with The Temple. For any use other than transcription, see Hieroglyphs
Underneath The TempleBen found numerous surfaces covered in symbols. These symbols were hieroglyphs, though it possibly included some alchemic symbols (symbols associated with alchemy).
The following tables summarize the symbols associated with The Temple. Other than the mural, there are three series of hieroglyphs. Each face on the pilars shows a portion of each series. The hieroglyphs in the left column of a face contains portions of a series referred to as the "left" series. The hieroglyphs in the center column of a face contains portions of a series referred to as the "center" series. Likewise, the right column of any pilar face contains hieroglyphs from the "right" series. The pilars each contain different portions of the 3 series. When it is necissary to refer to a specific pillar or face, the image to the right will be used as reference; to simplify discussion, each pillar and face will be given a unique code, as identified in the diagram to the right. For example, if you were facing the mural, then a the pilar on the right side, closer to the mural, would be pilar "2", and the side of that pilar facing the mural would be face "2A". The sections for those faces that have the same hieroglyphs are merged.
The pillars superficially appear to have dozens of different series of hieroglyphs. However, there are, in fact, only three series of hieroglyphs. Each face on the pillars shows a portion of each series. The hieroglyphs in the left column of a face contains portions of a series here referred to as the "left" series. The hieroglyphs in the center column of a face contains portions of a series referred to as the "center" series. Likewise, the right column of any pillar face contains hieroglyphs from the "right" series. An example of a hieroglyphic text with portions written inverted can be seen here.
Loose translation: "Enduring _____ days, lords of the land, a bright/white place [of]? sacrifice _____ The good god saw my shadow from within _____ _____ _____ _____ bring _____ attack everyone."
The khaibit, or shadow, was closely associated with the ba or soul, and was certainly regarded as an integral portion of the human economy; it, like the ka, seems to have been nourished by the offerings which were made in the tomb of the person to whom it belonged. Like the ka also it had an existence apart from the body, and it had the power of going wheresoever it pleased.
”
—Ernest Alfred Wallis Budge, The Book of the Dead [33]
Edit
Added by Zholmboe
Added by Sauronsmatrix
Added by Jackdutton42
. First, I calculated the distance on the scale, which represented five miles. Point A on the scale, which represented 0 miles, was at coordinates (395,2301). Point B on the scale, which represented 5 miles, was at coordinates (669,2273). Distance, then, was 275 pixels; 5 miles = 275 pixels, and 1 mile = 55 pixels. The following table summarizes the other distances calculated in the same manner.
